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The purpose of our work is to understand the ultrasound backscattering by tumors. The cancerous tumors often result from the proliferation of abnormal cells forming a growing mass. The classical ultrasound scattering models used by the cellular structure estimation technique assume that the scatterers are randomly and independently distributed (i.e. diluted media), whereas the tumors can be considered as concentrated media. The scientific challenge is to answer the following questions : what are the scattering models adapted to densely packed cells ? What are the main structures responsible for the ultrasound scattering by tumors ?
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Paru dans la Provence du mardi 31 mars 2015.
Depuis 2008, le LMA participe au développement d’une plateforme de formation technique sur l’échographie médicale commune à l’IUT d’Aix-Marseille, Polytech Marseille et Centrale Marseille. Cette plateforme propose différents modules d’échographie conventionnelle, d’échographie Doppler, et depuis peu, d’élastographie. Pour ce dernier module, le président d’Aix-Marseille Université, Pr Y. Berland a inauguré, lundi 30 mars, avec plusieurs personnalités de l’enseignement et de la recherche marseillais, la mise en place d’un nouvel Aixplorer de la Société Supersonic Imagine.
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Our aim is to develop an ultrasound diagnostic tool allowing to measure quantitative parameters that reflect the red blood cell aggregation state in situ and in vivo. This tool will allow to quantify the hyperaggregation associated with several circulatory diseases (such as deep venous thrombosis, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, ...) using quantitative ultrasound backscatter techniques.
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Non Destructive Testing and Evaluation (NDTE) is addressed starting from the reality of the studied material (steel, concrete, composites, nuclear fuel) and their industrial applications (in-situ constraints). All NDTE techniques (ultrasound, X-ray, eddy current , thermography ... ) are considered before choosing a methodology of study. Research activities revolve mainly around the modeling of materials and appropriate experiments on samples representative of the issues. The ultrasonic waves are often preferred to monitor and characterize the materials; their propagation is studied in order to obtain the desired properties through signal analysis and inverse approaches.
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Une technique ultrasonore d’estimation des structures cellulaires a été récemment développée au LMA pour la caractérisation tissulaire.
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The theme “Medical Ultrasound” develops new ultrasound-based techniques for the characterization and imaging of biological tissues such as the breast, bone and blood. Research progresses concern the inverse problems in wave propagation with all the fundamental aspects involved: the understanding of the mechanisms of interaction between wave and scatterers, the data acquisition strategy, their inversion and the image reconstruction with the quantitative character (in opposition to the qualitative character of conventional ultrasonic imaging).
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BENCHmarks expérimentaux de laboratoire en environnements complexes à des fins de validation et de calibration de codes de propagation d’ondes et d’ImageriE